Week 13

Morocco's Coastal Challenges and Its Response to Climate Hazards

Morocco's coastal regions, encompassing both the Mediterranean and Atlantic shores, face escalating environmental threats due to climate change. These challenges include rising sea levels, coastal erosion, and the risk of tsunamis, all of which endanger local communities, infrastructure, and economic activities. (Risks to Morocco's Mediterranean coasts: reality and impacts)



Coastal Erosion and Sea-Level Rise

Approximately 60% of Morocco's population resides in coastal cities, making them particularly vulnerable to environmental hazards. Coastal erosion is a significant issue, especially along the Mediterranean shore in northern Morocco, notably in areas like the Marchica Lagoon. Factors such as rising sea levels, urban expansion, and untreated wastewater discharge exacerbate the situation. The World Bank reports that two-thirds of Moroccan beaches are affected by coastal erosion, leading to the loss of land and assets, as well as economic downturns in tourism-dependent areas. (Risks to Morocco's Mediterranean coasts: reality and impacts, Disappearing coasts in the Maghreb: Coastal erosion and its costs)



Tsunami Risks and Early Warning Systems

Morocco's northern Atlantic coastline is susceptible to tsunamis, particularly in regions like Jorf Lasfar. In response, Morocco has initiated the installation of early warning systems to detect and alert coastal communities about potential tsunami threats. These systems are part of a broader effort to enhance disaster preparedness and minimize the impact of such events on vulnerable populations. (Morocco takes action to detect tsunamis along coastlines, expands ...)



Legal and Institutional Measures

To address these environmental challenges, Morocco enacted Coastal Law No. 81.12, which aims to protect and sustainably manage its coastal areas. This law aligns with the Barcelona Convention's protocol on integrated coastal zone management, focusing on balancing environmental, social, and economic factors. Despite these efforts, implementation often remains sectoral, highlighting the need for more integrated management approaches. (Risks to Morocco's Mediterranean coasts: reality and impacts)

Technological Innovations for Disaster Management

Morocco has leveraged technology to bolster its disaster management capabilities. The launch of the Mohammed VI-B satellite enhances the country's ability to monitor environmental changes, including coastal erosion and sea-level rise. This satellite provides high-resolution imagery, aiding in disaster preparedness and response efforts. (Morocco's new satellite aims to prevent and manage natural disasters)

Community Engagement and Awareness

Recognizing the importance of community involvement, Morocco has developed the "Vigirisque Inondations" flood risk early warning system. Operational since 2023 in regions like Mohammedia and the Gharb area, this system benefits approximately 240,000 people by providing timely alerts about potential flooding events, allowing for preventive measures and evacuations. (From Disasters to Opportunities: Building a Resilient Future in ...)

Looking Ahead

As climate change continues to impact Morocco's coastal regions, the country remains committed to enhancing its resilience through legal frameworks, technological advancements, and community-based initiatives. Ongoing efforts aim to safeguard the livelihoods of coastal populations and preserve the ecological integrity of these vital areas.Condé Nast Traveler


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